Supply chains are crucial in the global economy amidst rising environmental, social, economic, and governance concerns, necessitating greater transparency. Traceability is now integral to supply chain management, aligning with sustainability goals. This study investigates the interplay of traceability, sustainability, and technology in supply chains, focusing on adoption challenges. Analysis of 30 peer-reviewed articles (2016-2023) identifies a lack of holistic approaches, emphasizing the interconnection of these elements. Geographical disparities in research focus are evident, with a strong emphasis on environmental and economic sustainability over social and governance aspects. Promising technologies for traceability encounter barriers such as cost, trust issues, knowledge gaps, and inadequate policy support. Collaborative efforts are crucial to overcome these challenges and promote sustainable supply chain practices.